While there was no correlation between total CTQ and Y-BOCS, the CTQ sexual abuse subscale was found to be related to Y-BOCS (r = 0.330, p < 0.05). DES was weakly correlated with total CTQ and Y-BOCS in patients diagnosed with BD-II (r = 0.278, p < 0.05 and r = 0.217, p < 0.05, respectively). There were five cases with DES scores over 30 (15.2%) and one case (2%) in the control group. Results: In pairwise comparisons between the BD-II and control groups, the total CTQ, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, DES, and total Y-BOCS scores in the BD-II group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). All patients and healthy subjects were examined with the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-53), and Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder scale (Y-BOCS). We excluded all first and second-axis comorbidities. Methods: Thirty-three euthymic patients (HDRS<8, YMRS<5) and 50 healthy subjects were evaluated by SCID-I and SCID-NP. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of dissociative symptoms and whether they are related to childhood trauma and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in bipolar disorder type II (BD-II). Uskudar University Neuropsychiatry Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
In social psychology, and in particular self-categorization theory, the term depersonalization has a different meaning and refers to "the stereotypical perception of the self as an example of some defining social category".Gul Eryılmaz 1, Sermin Kesebir 1, Işıl Göğcegöz Gül 1, Eylem Özten 1, Kayıhan Oğuz Karamustafalıoğlu 1ġ Uskudar University Neuropsychiatry Hospital, Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey.Īddress correspondence to: Gül Eryılmaz. It can be considered desirable, such as in the use of recreational drugs. It is also a prominent symptom in some other non-dissociative disorders, such as anxiety disorders, clinical depression, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, migraine and sleep deprivation. Depersonalization-derealization is the single most important symptom in the spectrum of dissociative disorders, including dissociative identity disorder and "dissociative disorder not otherwise specified" (DD-NOS). Though degrees of depersonalization and derealization can happen to anyone who is subject to temporary anxiety/stress, chronic depersonalization is more related to individuals who have experienced a severe trauma or prolonged stress/ anxiety. Chronic depersonalization refers to depersonalization disorder, which is classified by the DSM-IV as a dissociative disorder. It can be a disturbing experience, since many feel that, indeed, they are living in a "dream". Subjects feel they have changed, and the world has become vague, dreamlike, less real, or lacking in significance. It consists of a feeling of watching oneself act, while having no control over a situation. Depersonalization (or depersonalisation) is an anomaly of self-awareness.